Suddenly, there was a power outage at home. When I went downstairs to ask, my neighbor's house was brightly lit. This local power outage phenomenon is very common, it is not a random fault, but determined by the partition protection mechanism of the power grid.
1、 Power grid structure: layered protection like a big tree
1.1 Graded power supply, non interfering with each other
The urban power grid is like a big tree: the main power station is the trunk, the area is the branches, and the buildings are the leaves.
Each area has independent switches and circuits. When a branch has a problem, it will only cut off that path and will not affect the entire tree.
1.2 Physical line isolation from each other
The wires in different blocks and buildings are laid separately.
Even if there is a short circuit or leakage in one line, it will not be transmitted to other lines, thus "locking" the fault in a small range.
2、 Protection mechanism: to avoid greater disasters
2.1 Automatic tripping and precise isolation
The circuit is equipped with a protector. Once overload or short circuit is detected, the faulty area will be immediately cut off.
The purpose is to prevent the spread of the fire or the paralysis of the entire community or urban area.
2.2 Planned maintenance, segmented power outages
During maintenance by the power company, in order not to affect everyone's daily life, power outages will be carried out in different areas.
Only stopping the construction area and ensuring normal electricity usage in other areas is the result of human optimization.
3、 Reason for malfunction: Problems often occur locally
3.1 External Unexpected Effects
For example, tree branches pressing on wires, car accidents breaking power poles, and construction excavating cables usually only affect a small area.
3.2 Internal equipment malfunction
The transformer in a certain building burning out or the meter box malfunctioning will only cause a power outage in that unit or building.
Conclusion
Partial power outage is actually the wisdom of self-protection of the power grid.
Through layering, isolation, and precise cutting, the fault has been repaired while maximizing the protection of most people's lives from being affected.
1、 Power grid structure: layered protection like a big tree
1.1 Graded power supply, non interfering with each other
The urban power grid is like a big tree: the main power station is the trunk, the area is the branches, and the buildings are the leaves.
Each area has independent switches and circuits. When a branch has a problem, it will only cut off that path and will not affect the entire tree.
1.2 Physical line isolation from each other
The wires in different blocks and buildings are laid separately.
Even if there is a short circuit or leakage in one line, it will not be transmitted to other lines, thus "locking" the fault in a small range.
2、 Protection mechanism: to avoid greater disasters
2.1 Automatic tripping and precise isolation
The circuit is equipped with a protector. Once overload or short circuit is detected, the faulty area will be immediately cut off.
The purpose is to prevent the spread of the fire or the paralysis of the entire community or urban area.
2.2 Planned maintenance, segmented power outages
During maintenance by the power company, in order not to affect everyone's daily life, power outages will be carried out in different areas.
Only stopping the construction area and ensuring normal electricity usage in other areas is the result of human optimization.
3、 Reason for malfunction: Problems often occur locally
3.1 External Unexpected Effects
For example, tree branches pressing on wires, car accidents breaking power poles, and construction excavating cables usually only affect a small area.
3.2 Internal equipment malfunction
The transformer in a certain building burning out or the meter box malfunctioning will only cause a power outage in that unit or building.
Conclusion
Partial power outage is actually the wisdom of self-protection of the power grid.
Through layering, isolation, and precise cutting, the fault has been repaired while maximizing the protection of most people's lives from being affected.